Human Settlements Basic Statistics 1997
TECHNICAL NOTES
General
The data in the tables are presented in alphabetical order
by name of country or area in English. Because of space limitations, the
country and area names listed in the tables are generally the commonly
employed short titles in use in the United Nations.
Most data are disaggregated into urban and rural. However,
it should be pointed out that rural and urban definitions vary considerably
from country to country. Therefore, great care should be taken when statistical
comparisons are carried out using the definition "urban and rural".
TABLE 1
Total population [thousands]
Estimates and projections (medium variant) of the total
population for each country, region and major area.
Annual growth rate of total population [%]
The average annual growth rate of the total population
for each country, region and major area.
Population Below 15 [%]
The percentage of population below 15 years for each
country, region and major area.
Population above 65 [%]
The percentage of population aged 65 and over for each
country, region and major area.
Life expectancy at birth [years]
Average life expectancy for both sexes.
TABLE 2
Urban population [thousands]
Estimates and projections of the urban population for
each country, region and major area. "Urban" is defined in the national
context (the definitions of urban are generally the national definitions
incorporated in the latest available census).
Annual growth rate of urban population [%]
The average annual growth rate of the urban population
for each country, region and major area.
Level of urbanization [%]
Estimates and projections of the percentage of population
residing in urban areas for each country, region and major area.
TABLE 3
Rural population [thousands]
Estimates and projections of the rural population for
each country, region and major area.
Annual growth rate of rural population [%]
The average annual growth rate of the rural population
for each country, region and major area.
Total area [1000ha]
Total area of the country, including area under inland
water bodies. Inland water bodies generally include major rivers and lakes.
Density [population per 1000 ha]
The ratio of population to total area.
TABLE 4
Economically active population [thousands]
The economically active population comprises all persons
of either sex who furnish the supply of labour for the production of goods
and services during a specified time-reference period.
Economically active female population [%]
The percentage of economically active female population
Economically active population in agriculture [%]
The percentage of economically active population in
the agriculture sector.
Economically active population in industry [%]
The percentage of economically active population in
the industry sector.
Economically active population in services [%]
The percentage of economically active population in
the service sector.
GNP per capita [US$]
Gross National Product per capita in US$.
These figures are calculated according to the World Bank
Atlas method, which is described below.
The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average
of a country's exchange rate for that year and its exchange rates for the
two preceding years, after adjusting them for differences in relative inflation
between the country and the United States of America. This three-year average
smooths fluctuations in prices and exchange rates for each country. The
resulting GNP in US$ is divided by the midyear population for the latest
of three years to derive GNP per capita.
TABLE 5
Number of households [thousands]
The concept of "household" is based on the arrangements
made by persons individually or in groups, for providing themselves with
food or other essentials for living. A household may be either (a) a one-person
household, that is, a person who makes provision for his or her own food
or other essentials for living without combining with any other person
to form part of a multiperson household or (b) a multiperson household,
that is, a group of two or more persons living together who make common
provision for food or other essentials for living. The person in the group
may pool their incomes and have a common budget to a greater or lesser
extent; they may be related or unrelated persons or a combination of both.
Average household size
Average household size refers to the average number
of person per household. This rate is obtained by dividing the total population
by number of households.
TABLE 6
Number of conventional dwellings [thousands]
Conventional dwelling refers to a room or a suite of
rooms and its accessories in a permanent building or structurally separated
part thereof, which by the way it has been built, rebuilt or converted,
is intended for habitation by one household and is not, at the time of
the census or other inquiry, used wholly for other purposes. A conventional
dwelling may be either occupied or vacant.
Persons per room
The average number of persons per room is obtained by
dividing the total number of persons in housing units by the total number
of rooms of the housing units.
A room is defined as a space in a housing unit enclosed
by walls reaching from the floor to the ceiling or roof covering of at
least to a height of two meters, of a size large enough to hold a bed for
an adult, i.e. 4m2.
Total number of rooms, therefore, includes bedrooms, dining-rooms, living-rooms,
studies, servants' rooms, kitchens, rooms used for professional or business
purposes and other separate spaces used or intended for dwelling purposes
as long as they meet the criteria of walls and floor space.
Rooms per housing unit
The average number of rooms per housing unit is obtained
by dividing the total number of rooms in all housing units by the total
number of housing units.
Owner occupied households [%]
Percentage of households occupying the housing unit
as owner. An owner occupant is one who owns the housing unit he occupies,
including those who pay loan on a housing unit, or whose house is under
mortgage.
TABLE 7
Housing units with piped water [%]
Percentage of occupied housing units with piped water.
Piped water refers to water provided within a housing unit by pipe from
community-wide systems or from individual installations such as pressure
tanks and pumps. "With piped water" means water supply inside the housing
unit or outside the housing unit but within 100 meters from the door.
Housing units with toilet [%]
Percentage of occupied housing units with toilet of
any type. Toilet of any type refers to an installation arranged for humans
to discharge their excreta.
Housing units with electric lighting [%]
Percentage of occupied housing units with electric lighting.
Housing units with kitchen [%]
Percentage of occupied housing units with kitchen or
other space reserved for cooking. Kitchen is a room equipped for the preparation
of principal meals and intended primarily for that purpose. Other space
reserved for cooking falls short of the attributes of "room", even if equipped
for the preparation of the principal meals and intended primarily for that
purpose.
TABLE 8
Population with access to safe water [%]
Percentage of population with access to an adequate
amount of safe drinking water located within a convenient distance from
the user's dwelling. It is important to note that "access, adequate amount,
safe, convenient distance" vary from country to country.
Population with access to sanitation [%]
Percentage of population with access to sanitary facility
for human excreta disposal in the dwelling or located within a convenient
distance from the user's dwelling. It is important to note that "access,
sanitary facility, convenient distance" vary from country to country.
Road network density [km/1000km2]
The ratio of the total length of the road network to
total area.
Railway network density [km/1000km2]
The ratio of the total length of the railway network
to total area.
Telephones per 100 inhabitants [%]
The number of main lines per 100 inhabitants. Main telephone
lines refer to the telephone lines which have a dedicated port on a telephone
exchange.
Motor Vehicles per 100 inhabitants [%]
The number of passenger cars per 100 inhabitants. Passenger
cars includes vehicles seating not more than nine persons (including driver),
such as taxis, jeeps and station wagons. Special purpose vehicles such
as two- or three-wheeled cycles and motorcycles, trams, trolley-buses,
ambulances, hearses. Military vehicles operated by police or other governmental
security organizations are excluded.
Commercial energy consumption per capita [gigajoules]
Commercial energy consumption includes solid, liquid,
gaseous fuels and primary electricity. Consumption refers to "apparent
consumption" and are derived from the formula "production + imports - exports
- bunkers +/- stock changes".
Total energy requirement per capita [gigajoules]
Total energy requirement is defined as consumption of
commercial energy plus traditional fuels which include fuelwood, charcoal,
bagasse, as well as animal, vegetal and other wastes.
TABLE 9
Housing Expenditure [%]
The percentage of final consumption expenditure of resident
households taken up for gross rent, fuel and power.
Population below poverty line [%]
The percentage of population whose income is not enough
to afford a minimum nutritionally adequate diet plus essential non-food
requirements.
Gini index [%]
The Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution
of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditures) among individuals
or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution.
A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentage of total income received
against the cumulative percentage of recipients, starting with the poorest
individual or households. The Gini index measures the ratio between the
Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as
a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of zero
presents perfect equality while an index of 100 per cent implies maximum
inequality.
Population with access to health services [%]
Percentage of the population that can reach appropriate
local health services by local means of transport in no more than one hour.
Population per doctor
The number of people per doctor. Doctor refers to physicians
and includes all graduates of any faculty or school of medicine in any
medical field (including practice, teaching, administration and research).
Primary and secondary school enrolment [%]
Total enrolment in primary and secondary education,
regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of population in age-group
corresponding to the national regulations for these two levels of education.
Illiteracy [%]
The percentage of adult (15 years and over) illiterate.
Illiterate are those who cannot, with understanding, both read and write
a short simple statement on their everyday life.
TABLE 10
Population of urban agglomerations [thousands]
Estimates and projections of the population of urban
agglomerations with 750,000 or more population in 1995.
Annual growth rate of urban agglomerations [%]
The average annual growth rate of the population of
urban agglomerations with 750,000 or more population in 1995.
Percentage of urban population [%]
The percentage of urban population residing in urban
agglomerations with 750,000 or more population in 1995.